Microraptor zhaoianus MY-kroh-RAP-tor

"Tiny thief"

Microraptor silhouette
You 1.8 m (5.9 ft) tall
Microraptor 80 cm (2.6 ft) long
1 person — shorter than 80 cm (2.6 ft)
silhouette · T. Michael Keesey (CC0) via PhyloPic
Length
80 cm (2.6 ft) — About 80 cm long, 1 kg — crow-sized, four-winged.
Period
Early Cretaceous (125–120 Mya)
Place
Asia · China · Liaoning Province
Food
Carnivore — Small prey — fish, lizards, early birds, mammals (one specimen preserved with a mammal's foot in its stomach).
Clade
Dromaeosauridae Dinosauria Saurischia Theropoda Coelurosauria

Microraptor had four wings. Long flight feathers grew on both its arms and its legs, making it look like a kind of biplane glider. It probably couldn’t take off from the ground like a modern bird, but it could glide between trees. Hundreds of specimens have been found in Chinese lake deposits, sometimes with feathers and even gut contents preserved.

What we know

  • Real flight feathers on both arms AND legs — a true four-winged glider.
  • Studied melanosomes show its feathers were glossy black, like a starling.
  • Stomach contents in different specimens include fish, a bird, a lizard, and a mammal — a generalist hunter.
  • Hundreds of specimens recovered from the Yixian Formation in China.

What we guess

  • Whether Microraptor flew under power, only glided, or did both.
  • How the leg wings were held in flight — splayed sideways or trailing behind?
  • Whether four-winged flight was a step toward modern bird flight or a separate experiment.